Bash and SQL Quiz

To pass the quiz, you must correctly answer at least 18 of the 20 questions below. # --quizzes-- ## --quiz-- ### --question-- #### --text-- What does SQL stand for? #### --distractors-- Standard Query Language. --- Simple Quantum Language. --- Sophisticated Query Language. #### --answer-- Structured Query Language. ### --question-- #### --text-- Which SQL command is used to create a new database? #### --distractors-- `BUILD DATABASE` --- `GENERATE DATABASE` --- `NEW DATABASE` #### --answer-- `CREATE DATABASE` ### --question-- #### --text-- What is First Normal Form (1NF)? #### --distractors-- No redundant data. --- No partial dependencies. --- No transitive dependencies. #### --answer-- Atomic values in columns. ### --question-- #### --text-- How do you select all columns from a table? #### --distractors-- `SELECT []` --- `SELECT ALL` --- `SELECT COLUMNS` #### --answer-- `SELECT *` ### --question-- #### --text-- What does `FOREIGN KEY` establish? #### --distractors-- A unique identifier key. --- A primary key. --- A null constraint. #### --answer-- A relationship between tables. ### --question-- #### --text-- What is the purpose of normalization in SQL? #### --distractors-- Speed up queries. --- Increase storage space. --- Add more indexes. #### --answer-- Reduce data redundancy. ### --question-- #### --text-- What is the best defense against SQL injection? #### --distractors-- Remove all user input. --- Disable SQL access. --- Remove database access. #### --answer-- Use prepared statements. ### --question-- #### --text-- Which command modifies existing table data? #### --distractors-- `MODIFY` --- `CHANGE` --- `ALTER` #### --answer-- `UPDATE` ### --question-- #### --text-- In a junction table, what do you typically include? #### --distractors-- Only foreign keys. --- Only timestamps. --- Only primary keys. #### --answer-- Foreign keys and additional data. ### --question-- #### --text-- What command adds new data to a table? #### --distractors-- `ADD` --- `PUT` --- `NEW DATA` #### --answer-- `INSERT` ### --question-- #### --text-- Which key can have duplicate values? #### --distractors-- Primary Key. --- Unique Key. --- Composite Key. #### --answer-- Foreign Key. ### --question-- #### --text-- What does Third Normal Form (3NF) eliminate? #### --distractors-- Multi-Valued Dependencies. --- Partial Dependencies. --- All Dependencies. #### --answer-- Transitive Dependencies. ### --question-- #### --text-- How do you filter SQL results? #### --distractors-- `FILTER` --- `SORT` --- `TAGS` #### --answer-- `WHERE` ### --question-- #### --text-- What is the primary characteristic of the N+1 problem in SQL? #### --distractors-- Executing one large, complex query and sending it back to the server. --- A query that returns too much data at once but sorts it alphabetically. --- Using too many JOINs in a single query and returning too much data. #### --answer-- Executing one initial query followed by N additional queries for related data. ### --question-- #### --text-- Which of the following is a key difference between a Super Key and a Candidate Key? #### --distractors-- A Super Key cannot contain multiple attributes or columns, while a Candidate Key can. --- A Candidate Key must be a single column and cannot be a composite key, while a Super Key can be composite. --- A Super Key is chosen by the database administrator and it doesn't have to be unique. #### --answer-- A Super Key can contain extra attributes not essential for unique identification, while a Candidate Key cannot. ### --question-- #### --text-- When normalizing, what do we call data that depends on only part of a composite key? #### --distractors-- Transitive Dependency. --- Multi-Valued Dependency. --- Functional Dependency. #### --answer-- Partial Dependency. ### --question-- #### --text-- In Bash, what is the primary purpose of the `>` operator? #### --distractors-- To append output to a file and create a copy in `tmp`. --- To read input from a file and encode it. --- To compare two files for differences and print the differences. #### --answer-- To redirect standard output to a file, overwriting the file if it exists. ### --question-- #### --text-- What does the `wc -l` command do? #### --distractors-- Counts the number of words in a file. --- Counts the number of characters in a file. --- Lists all files in the current directory. #### --answer-- Counts the number of lines in a file. ### --question-- #### --text-- In a Bash script, how can you access the first argument passed to it? #### --distractors-- `$ARG1` --- `$0` --- `$#` #### --answer-- `$1` ### --question-- #### --text-- In a many-to-many relationship between students and courses, what does the junction table contain? #### --distractors-- Only student IDs. --- Only course IDs. --- Full student and course details. #### --answer-- Both IDs and enrollment date.